Archaeologists in Poland have made a remarkable discovery, recovering a 600-year-old jewel from the muddy waters of the moat surrounding Castle Kolno. This exquisite silver-gilt amethyst setting, likely part of an elaborate brooch, reflects the opulence of high-status medieval jewelry and offers important insights into the lives of the aristocracy along key trade routes of the era. The ornament was found at Castle Kolno in Stare Kolnie, near Poland’s border with the Czech Republic, during an excavation led by Dr. Lech Marek from the University of Wrocław. The jewel was embedded between the wooden posts of a bridge at the castle’s northern entrance, which might suggest it was accidentally dropped by a traveler crossing the moat.

The findings have been published in the academic journal *Antiquity*. This intricate jewel showcases a vibrant amethyst cabochon, set within a unique cone-shaped claw design, accompanied by an openwork halo of decorative elements. Advanced techniques like X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the silver surface was fire-gilded with mercury, a common method in the medieval period for achieving a golden hue. Such craftsmanship aligns with the “international style” of gem setting prevalent in the 13th century, echoing pieces found in royal treasures across Europe.

Medieval folklore revered amethysts as protective stones, believed to guard against intoxication and various evils. Castle Kolno, originally built by Duke Bolesław III of Brzeg in the early 13th century, was a crucial fortification on trade routes critical to the region’s economy. The discovery is significant as it highlights the concept of “conspicuous consumption,” showcasing how medieval elites displayed their wealth through luxurious objects. The jewel’s context—found in a travel setting rather than a grave—offers a glimpse into the daily lives and status symbols of nobility.

Ongoing excavations at Castle Kolno have revealed other artifacts, but this jewel stands out as a poignant link to medieval aristocratic life.